OAK
An early name for Java Java

OAM
Operations Administration and Maintenance: A group of network management functions that provide network fault indication, performance information, and data and diagnosis functions.

OATH
Object-oriented Abstract Type Hierarchy, a class library Class-libraryfor C++ C++from Texas Instruments - . /COOL

Oberon
A programming language developed by N. Wirth and J. Gutknecht as a successor to Modula 2 Modula-2 - . /Oberon

OBEX:
Obeject Exchange Protocol, is a sesson protocol developed by the IrDA that allows the exchange of data in a simple and spontaneous mannr. Previously known as IrOBEX, it provides the same basic functionality aHTTP.

object
A type of variable that can store multiple values, called properties, and functions, called methods.

object adapter
Routines which provide an interface to ORB / services that is convenient for a particular style of object implementation. There are several kinds of object adapters, for example the Basic Object Adapter (BOA) /b, the Library Object Adapter (LOA) /l, and the Object-Oriented Database Adapter.

object
An identifiable, encapsulated entity that provides one or more services on request; entities in a distributed computer environment that are being managed; a model of the physical resources that are to be managed.

object group
A named logical entity to which one or more objects belong and over which an administrator is granted one or more roles.

object implementation
The provider of a service for a requestor (client /c); the Server.

Object
In object-oriented object-oriented programming, an instance of a data structure defined according to the template provided by its class, and which can respond to the messages defined by its class.

Object Management Group (OMG)
Object Management Group, Inc. is a non-profit international association of over 300 companies headquartered in Framingham, MA, whose goal is to define an architectural object framework through a series of detailed interface specifications.

Object management system
In an IPSE IPSE, the system which maintains information about the system under development.

Object Request Broker (ORB)
Delivers a request from a client to an object implementation. ORB provides the mechanisms by which objects transparently make requests and receive responses, providing interoperability between applications on different machines in heterogeneous distributed environments.

object type
A set of objects that share a common interface; the characteristics that are common to a group of objects.

ObjectBroker
A distributed object system from DEC based on the CORBA CORBA standard.

ObjectCenter
A product offering similar facilities to CodeCenter CodeCenter for the C++ C++ language, plus class browsing facilities etc (formerly Saber-C++) - . /PTTOOL/ObjectCenter/Tool

Objecteering
An Object Oriented design tool from Softeam, based on the Class Relation Methodology, with C++ code generation - . /PTTOOL/Objecteering/Tool

Objective C
A Smalltalk Smalltalk-like extension of the C language which provides the possibility to use object-oriented object-oriented programming constructs

Objective PASCAL
An extension of the PASCAL PASCAL language which provides the possibility to use object-oriented object-oriented programming constructs.

Object-oriented
Applied to analysis, design and programming. The basic concept in this approach is that of objects, which consist of data structures encapsulated with a set of routines, often called "methods" which operate on the data. Operations on the data must be performed via these methods, which are common to all instances of objects of a particular class. Thus, the interface to objects is well defined, and allows the code implementing the methods to be changed so long as the interface remains the same - . /OO

Object-oriented database
A system offering DBMS DBMS facilities in an object-oriented object-oriented environment.

Object-oriented programming
see object-oriented object-oriented

Objectworks
An object-oriented object-oriented development environment developed by ParcPlace, available under Smalltalk Smalltalk and C++ C++.

OBST
A persistent object management system developed by FZI Karlsruhe for the STONE STONE project - . /OBST

OC1, OC3, OC12, OC24, OC48, OC192
Optical carrier standards for telecommunications carriers.

Occam
A programming language which facilitates writing parallel programs, allowing the programmer to specify whether processes are to be executed sequentially or in parallel. Based on CSP CSP, it was originally developed for the Transputer Transputer - . /Occam

OCLC
Online Computer Library Center

OCR
Optical Character Recognition: recognition of printed or written characters by computer - . /OCR

OCS
Object Compatibility Standard: an 88open 88open standard for compilers and linkers.

Octet
A term for eight (8) bits that is sometimes used interchangeably with "byte" to mean the same thing.

Octets
A set of eight bits or one byte.

ODA
Open (formerly Office) Document Architecture: an ISO ISO standard (8613) for describing documents. It allows text, graphics, and facsimile documents to be transferred between different systems.

ODAC
The ODA ODA consortium.

ODI
Open Data-Link Interface: This refers to Novell Incorporated, Open Data-Link Interface Developer's Guide, March 20, 1992.

ODIF
Open Document Interchange Format: part of the ODA ODA standard.

ODL
Object Definition Language from ODMG ODMG.

ODMG
Object Data Management Group. A vendor consortium developing standards for Object Data Definition and Manipulation Languages - . /ODMG

ODP
Open Distributed Processing. An ISO ISO standardisation activity.

ODT
Open Desktop.

OEW
Object Engineering Workbench. A design tool for C++ -

OFF
Object File Format for interchange and archiving of 3D objects, from Digital Equipment Corporation - . /Graphics

OLE
Object Linking and Embedding. A distributed object system from Microsoft - . /OLE

OLTP
On-Line Transaction Transaction Processing: the processing of transactions by computers in real time real-time.

OMA
Object Management Architecture: a set of standards under study by OMG OMG.

OMF
Object Management Facility: part of the DAA DAA proposed by Hewlett-Packard and Sun.

OMF
Open Model Forum for modelling and simulation tool standards - . /OMF

OMG
Object Management Group: a consortium aimed at setting standards in object-oriented object-orientedprogramming, especially for distributed applications - . /OMG

OMG
See Object Management Group (OMG) /.

OML
Object Manipulation Language from ODMG ODMG.

OML
OPEN Modelling Language

OMT
An object-oriented object-oriented methodology .

OMTool
A graphical tool from General Electric Advanced Concepts Center for design and analysis of systems with the OMT methodology with some C++/SQL code generation - . /OMTool

ONC
Open Network Computing: Sun's network protocols.

One Hop Set
A set of hosts which are one hop apart in terms of internetwork protocols TTLs (TTL=0 -on the wire+).

On-line service
A computer you can call, log in to, and use, usually for a fee per hour. Some services provide a pecific set of information:Lexis, for example, provides legal information, and Nexis provides news. Others provide general information: CompuServe, Delphi, and Prodigy, for example provide a wide range of information, including weather, airline flights, and support for many software programs. Others, like MCI Mail, provide electronic mail.

OnX
A graphics package from LAL Orsay

OO
Object-oriented Object-oriented: for example Analysis (OOA), Design (OOD), Programming (OOP), Programming Language (OOPL), Data Bases (OODBMS) etc.

OOA
Object-oriented Object-oriented Analysis.

OOD
Object-oriented Object-oriented Design.

OODBMS
Object-oriented Object-oriented database management system.

OODL
Object-oriented Object-oriented Dynamic Language.

OOF
Out of Frame. Refer to LOF.

OOP
Object-oriented Object-orientedprogramming.

OOPL
Object-oriented programming language: a language such as C++ C++, Eiffel Eiffel, Objective-C Objective-C etc designed to support object-oriented object-oriented programming.

OOPSLA
Conference on Object-oriented Object-orientedProgramming Systems, Languages and Applications.

OOSD
Object-oriented Object-oriented structured design: a design method elaborated from structured design and incorporating the essential features of the object-oriented approach.

Open Desktop
A UNIX environment from SCO SCO. (part of the ACE ACE initiative).

Open Inventor
An object-oriented object-oriented toolkit for developing interactive 3D graphics applications. It also defines an ASCII file format for exchanging 3D data among applications, which is the basis for VRML - .

Open Look
A graphical user interface and window manager from Sun and AT&T.

open look
A GUI based on the X windows system and developed by USL.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
A routing protocol ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1245.txt where a route is chosen based on the fewest number of hops that do not pass through an over-congested router /r or network /n.

Open Software Foundation (OSF)
An organization created to provide cross-platform software standards. Several common standards include the Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) /d and Motif.

open software foundation
A source of Unix-like and related software. Its best known products are OSF/1 and Motif.

Open Software Foundation
See OSF OSF.

Open System Interconnection (OSI)
A model defined by the ISO to conceptually organize the process of communication between computers in terms of seven layers, called protocol stacks. The seven layers of OSI model helps you to understand how communication across various protocols takes place.

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)
A model for implementing the protocols and interfaces to facilitate communications among computers of different manufacture and technology, being a seven-layer structure of (from lowest to highest) physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application.

OpenDoc
A compound document architecture from CIL CIL based on CORBA CORBA. It aims to enable embedding of features from different applications into a single working document - . /CIL

OpenGL
An emerging graphics standard providing advanced rendering capabilities - . /OpenGL

OpenWindows
A server program for the Sun which handles SunView SunView, NeWS NeWS and X Window System X-Window-Systemprotocols.

operating system (OS)
The computer program or set of instructions that defines how a computer should operate. The underlying program running on a computer that allows the scheduling of jobs and the sharing of various system resources such as memory, disk space, and printers.

operating system
A special program that controls the way the computer, keyboard, screen, and disks work together. Unix is an operating system, as is DOS.

OPERATING SYSTEM
An Operating System is what runs your computer. Most computer users have most likely heard of "Windows 95", or "Windows 3.1", or "DOS", or "Macintosh". These are all operating systems that are normally used on private individual computers. A Computer that is used as a Web Server must also have an operating system. The two most common Operating systems used on Web Servers are Unix and NT.

operator
A character used to divide variables or constants used in an expression.

option
Known also as a flag or switch. An option is something that tells Unix how to do a command. You type an option on the command, seperated from the command by a space. All options begin with a dash(-). The ls command used with the -l option, for example, produces a file listing with about each file.

OQL
Object Query Language from ODMG ODMG.

Oracle
A vendor of database management systems: also their relational DBMS relational-DBMS.

Oracle Card
A hypercard hypercard-like product from Oracle Oracle for constructing DB applications, running on PC and Macintosh.

Oracle Toolkit
See Adaptable User Interface Adaptable-User-Interface.

Oracle*CASE
A set of CASE tools CASE-tools from Oracle.

ORB
Object Request Broker: part of the OMG OMG standard.

ORB
See Object Request Broker (ORB) /.

ORKID
Open Real-time Real-time Kernel Interface Definition.

Orthogonality
A deviation from true perpendicular of the vertical.

OS
See operating system (OS) /.

OS/2
An operating system from IBM and Microsoft for the PS/2 range of microcomputers - . /OS2

OSA
Open Scripting Architecture. A CIL CIL approach to the coexistence of multiple scripting systems.

OSE
Open Systems Environment.

OSF
Open Software Foundation. A foundation created by nine computer vendors, (Apollo, DEC, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Bull, Nixdorf, Philips, Siemens and Hitachi) to promote "Open Computing". It is planned that common operating systems and interfaces, based on developments of UNIX UNIX, the X Window System X-Window-System, etc. will be forthcoming for a wide range of different hardware architectures

OSF
See Open Software Foundation (OSF) /.

OSF/1
A version of Unix from the Open Software Foundation.

OSI
Open Systems Interconnection: A seven (7) layer architecture model for communications systems developed by the ISO for the interconnection of data communications systems. Each layer uses and builds on the services provided by those below it.

OSI
Open Systems Interconnection: a seven-layer reference model developed by ISO ISO as a framework for the development of standards for interconnecting heterogeneous computers - . /OSI

OSI
See Open System Interconnection.

OSI
See Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) /.

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
A proposed standard, IGP for the Internet.

OSPF
Open Shortest Path First: A link-state routing algorithm that is used to calculate routes based on the number of routers, transmission speed, delays and route cost.

OSPF
See Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) /.

OSTC
Open Systems Testing Consortium. An open organisation operating harmonised conformance testing services for OSI OSI telecommunications and IT protocols.

OTA:
Over-The-Air.

OTI
Open Tool Interface.

OUI
Organizationally Unique Identifier: The OUI is a three-octet field in the IEEE 802.1a defined SubNetwork Attachment Point (SNAP) header, identifying an organization which administers the meaning of the following two octet Protocol Identifier (PID) field in the SNAP header. Together they identify a distinct routed or bridged protocol.

Outlier
A node whose exclusion from its containing peer group would significantly improve the accuracy and simplicity of the aggregation of the remainder of the peer group topology.

Outside Link
A link to an outside node.

Outside Node
A node which is participating in PNNI routing, but which is not a member of a particular peer group.

OVL
Object Verification Language from ODMG ODMG.

OWL
A software company offering the Guide Guide hypertext hypertext system .

owner alias
An alias that points to the owner of a group alias triplet. See group alias /g.